However, one of its main disadvantages is that it is not well suited for projects that are likely to change or evolve during development, as changes made in one phase can affect all the later phases, which can lead to delays and rework. One of the main advantages of the Waterfall model is its clear and defined process, which makes it easy to understand and manage. This includes fixing bugs, making changes to the software based on user feedback, and adding new features. Maintenance: In this phase, the software is maintained and updated.This includes installing the software on users’ computers, providing training and support, and making sure that the software is working correctly. Deployment: In this phase, the software is deployed to users.This includes unit testing, integration testing, and acceptance testing. Testing: In this phase, the software is tested to ensure that it meets the requirements and works as expected.This includes writing code, creating user interfaces, and integrating different components of the software. Implementation: In this phase, the software is actually built.This includes creating flowcharts, class diagrams, and other documentation that describes how the software will be built. Design: In this phase, a detailed design of the software is created.This includes identifying what the software needs to do and who will use it. Requirements gathering: In this phase, the project requirements are gathered and analyzed.It is also well suited for projects with a clear end goal and a defined budget. This approach is best suited for projects with well-defined requirements that are unlikely to change during the development process. The waterfall is a linear, sequential methodology in which each phase of the project must be completed before moving on to the next one. It is divided into distinct phases, each of which must be completed before moving on to the next phase. The Waterfall model is a traditional software development process that follows a linear and sequential approach. Both have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the best methodology to use will depend on the specific needs of your project. Expert interviews ensure practical relevance and significantly expand the state-of-research with regards to decision support on the project-management approach.Waterfall and Agile are two different methodologies for managing software development projects. It closes a relevant research gap, both from a scientific perspective and from the practitioners’ view. The presented model systematically supports the selection of an appropriate procedural model for a concrete project based on 15 criteria subsumed under the following categories: scope, time, costs, organization context, and project-team characteristics. Insights gained were compared with empirical data from 15 expert interviews across different industries in Germany. (2009), which reflects the state-of-research. The research gap was identified based on a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the literature following Vom Brocke et al. This paper answers the following research questions: What are the differences, benefits, and constraints of these two approaches from a practitioner’s point of view? How can a decision model be set up to select the most appropriate approach for a concrete project? This study develops a decision model for the selection of a procedural model for project management which is based on the modelling process described by Adam (1996). Procedural models for project management can be differentiated into plan-driven methods which follow a classical waterfall process and agile methods which follow an iterative, test-driven approach.
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